The Hubble Space Telescope Science Institute, a subsidiary agency of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, announced today (at 1:00 p.m. EST) the deepest penetration yet into the far-distant sky. They claim to have identified a miniature galaxy, less than a hundredth the size of our own Galaxy, and 13.2 billion light-years distant. This last figure is a calculation from the object's redshift (symbol: z), which they estimate to be as high as 10. (The higher the value of z, the farther away the object.) This object might therefore be the farthest object ever observed, and according to conventional theory, formed not more than 480 million years after the universe itself formed, in the event known as the Big Bang.
More than that, the report concludes that the birth of stars and galaxies in the first 500 million years after the Big Bang event was far more rapid than previously suspected.
The report itself is credible enough; all it needs is corroboration by independent observations. But, as is usual with reports of this kind, the problem lies in its interpretation, or rather the context of that interpretation.
The classical Big Bang theory assumes that the universe formed from an explosion from another dimension into this one, an explosion that caused space itself to expand, rapidly at first, and then gradually more slowly. The problem, of course, is that the discovery of clear signs of an accelerating expansion beginning in 1996 introduced a complication, which most astronomers explain by invoking the concept of dark energy, a concept for which no one has even suggested a test.
Of course, Big Bang theorists have an even more basic problem, and that is insurmountable: explaining how an explosion, an inherently chaotic event, produced order and structure in the form of the stars and galaxies that we see today, including their arrangements in such a way as to tell a story.
As fellow Examiner Bill Belew clearly remembers, Dr. John Hartnett, in 2007, published a compendium of all his findings and insights into cosmology. He concluded that "dark energy" (and its companion concept of "dark matter") were mathematical conveniences, and that a new understanding of physics applied across the entire universe made both concepts unnecessary. His concept was that the universe began, not in a Big Bang, but in a Big Stretch, in which the instigating impulse came from the outside, not the center. Furthermore, our Galaxy is the center, with all other objects distributed evenly around it.
Objects like the one discovered today (named UDFj-39546284) are silent witnesses to a time very shortly after that Big Stretch, an event that stretched not only space but time also. That stretching of time caused 13.7 billion years of cosmic history (at least, at the fringes of the universe) to take place within a single day. Naturally the fringes, being more voluminous, would stretch faster than the central region, and this explains why so many stars and galaxies would appear to have formed within such a relatively short time.
The Bible, and more specifically the Annals of Creation, states that God formed the sun, the moon, and the stars, and set them in the "firmament" (Hebrew raqiya, a stretched-out sheet) of the sky in the fourth Day of Creation. The Hubble scientists have just found a viewpoint very close to that event, though they might never recognize it. The planned James Webb Space Telescope (named for NASA's administrator during Project Mercury) should provide an even better insight into that glorious day.
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